Because they also go by the name "age spots," pigment spots are often associated with advancing age. However, mature skin isn't the only one prone to dark spots, which can appear on the face well before the age of 40. The culprit: the sun, the primary source of skin aging. Fortunately, there are powerful active ingredients, such as niacinamide, to help skin regain its evenness and natural radiance.
Where do pigment spots come from?
Responsible for skin pigmentation, melanin's function is to protect the epidermis from the sun's rays. During sun exposure, UV rays penetrate the skin and boost tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for melanin secretion. Melanin is then produced in greater quantities in melanocytes, the cells that synthesize melanin, and migrates to the skin's surface toward keratinocytes. The skin darkens and browns; this is the mechanism of tanning, which will disappear with cell renewal.
Pigmentation spots are the result of a malfunction of excess melanin production. This hyperpigmentation is linked to a failure of certain melanocytes that no longer stop producing melanin when it is no longer needed. As a result, excess melanin is found in certain localized areas of the epidermis, generally those that have been particularly exposed to the sun, giving rise to more or less pronounced brown spots. The skin pigmentation becomes uneven and the complexion is less harmonious.
Pigmentation spots aren't solely related to age or ultraviolet rays, although they are the main culprits. During and after pregnancy, endogenous hormones increase melanin production and trigger a form of hyperpigmentation known as melasma or pregnancy mask. An unhealthy lifestyle, smoking, pollution particles, and certain treatments can also cause pigmentation irregularities.
What is niacinamide?
A form of vitamin B3, niacinamide is one of the B vitamins. Its water-soluble properties mean that the body synthesizes only a tiny portion of it and cannot store it. Niacinamide plays an essential role in the production of NAD and NADP, two essential energy transfer molecules. Although it is present in legumes, cereals, and tea, most of the niacinamide absorbed through food does not reach the skin. This is why topical application remains the best way to benefit from its benefits on the epidermis.
The powers of niacinamide on pigment spots?
In addition to being a leading anti-blemish active ingredient, niacinamide boosts the production of ceramides - lipids naturally present in the skin -, generally improves the quality of the epidermis, strengthens the barrier function of the hydrolipidic film and regulates excess sebum.
Focus on the Harmonie range based on niacinamide
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